This 206 page product details the challenges of managing pain; classification of pain, pain measurement; health plan coverage for common tests, procedures, and treatment including complementary/alternative medicine, conventional drug therapies, opioids; patient consents, patient-provider contracts; provider credentialing; pain rehabilitation programs plus anesthesia, orthopedic and rheumatology tests and procedures to manage acute and chronic pain syndromes. Resources and references from the medical literature and other authoritative resources, as well as, pain-related web sites are all included. This product is updated annually.
Table of Contents
Part I Pain Evaluation and Management
- Pain management introduction
- Washington State Pain Management Guidelines
- Classification of Pain, Pain measurement/scoring
- Barriers to adequate pain control
- Pre-emptive, multimodal or balanced analgesia/pain management
- Behavioral Therapy Aspects of Pain Management
- Palliative or ‘End-of-life’ care/Cancer pain
- Placebo use
- JCAHO standards
- Diabetic peripheral neuropathy
- Surgical pain management - Conscious sedation (P & P); Post-op wound irrigation with local anesthetics
- Patient satisfaction
- Pain Management Issues
- Opioid contracts
- Pain Rehabilitation Programs
- Pain Clinics or Centers
- Chronic/Persistent Pain Programs – coverage
- Chronic/Persistent Pain Programs – Inpatient
- Pain Rehabilitation, Outpatient
- Outpatient Hospital Pain Rehabilitation Programs, Medicare NCD
- Exit Criteria from chronic pain programs
- Dental pain management – after hours care
- Headaches
- Pain Management in Long Term Care
- Pain Management in the Emergency Department
- Pain Management Notes
Pharmacologic/Non-pharmacologic Pain Management
- Initial oral mild to moderate pain management
- Prescribing Guideline – California model guideline
- Opioid therapy
- Methadone
- Cancer Pain Management
- Topical NSAIDs for chronic musculoskeletal pain
- Neuralgic/Neuropathic Pain
- Pharmacologic Challenges for Sympathetically Maintained Pain
- Continuous Epidural Analgesia for the treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)/Reflex sympatheticDystrophy (RSD)
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
- Physical Therapy for Complex Regional Pain Syndromes
- Cryoanalgesia and Cold Laser Therapy
- Trigger Point Injections
- Induced Lesions of Nerve Tracts, Medicare NCD
- PCA by proxy – JCAHO sentinel alert
- Pain management patient self-evaluation tools
- Pharmacy tables - drugs, eqianalgesic calculations
Addiction
Diversion
Complementary and Alternative Medicine: Approaches to pain management
- Acupuncture
- Biofeedback
- Bioelectromagnetic therapy
- Guided imagery
- Manual/massage therapies
- Naturopathy
- Relaxation therapy
- Transcendental meditation
- Resources - CAM
Legal issues related to pain management – California Medical Board policy statement and guideline
References/suggested reading by topic related to Pain Management
References/suggested reading by topic related to CAM
CAM web sites
Anesthesiology Pain Management Services:Anesthesia services - General Coverage Policy; Office-based anesthesia; Dental Anesthesia; Safe sedation of children; Pain Management; Intrathecal/subarachnoid injections; Epidural injections for pain; Continuous epidural analgesia; Cryoanalgesia and Cold Laser (low-energy or low-level) Therapy for wound healing, pain therapy, and other disorders
Facet Joint Injections/Median Branch Nerve Blocks; Facet Denervation, Facet Denervation: Neurotomy, Facet Rhizotomy, or Articular Rhizolysis; Facet Denervation: Percutaneous Radiofrequency; Paravertebral Nerve Blocks; Anesthesiology Notes.
Resources - Pain Management
Pain Management web sites
Consent and Agreement Forms for long-term controlled substance/opioid therapy
- Informed Consents for Long-term Narcotic Use - example
- Opioid Contract – UC Davis form
Pain Publications for Patients and Their Families
Palliative Care Leadership Centers
Model Policy for the Use of Controlled Substances for the Treatment of Pain. Federation of State Medical Boardsof the United States, Inc. 2004
Pain Management Provider Credentialing
Pain Management Notes
Part II Skeletal Muscular System Guidelines
- Knee
- Arthroscopy, knee
- Total Knee Replacement
- Hyaluronidase, intra-articular injections for osteoarthritis, knee
- Knee, general references
- Back and Neck Pain – Evaluation and Procedures
- Low back pain (Acute, ‘slow to recover’)
- Anti-depressant drug therapy for low back pain
- Machines to test and treat low back pain
- Algorithm for back pain evaluation
- Chymopapain Chemonucleolysis
- Endoscopic Anterior Spinal Surgery
- Epidural injection of steroids for back pain
- Facet Joint Injections/Nerve Blocks
- Facet Denervation, Facet Neurotomy, Facet Rhizotomy, or Articular Rhizolysis
- Hypertonic saline for the treatment of epidural adhesions, adhesive arachnoiditis, or failed back syndrome
- Intradiscal electrothermal therapy (IDET)
- Laminectomy
- Magnets for the treatment of chronic low back pain
- Meniscectomy
- Microdiscectomy, Percutaneous Lumbar Discectomy
- Percutaneous vertebroplasty
- Spinal Instability – Pedicle screw fixation
- Spinal stenosis
- Trigger Point Injections
- Cervical Pain, acute
- Chiropractic Medicine
- Spinal manipulation under anesthesia
- Bone stimulators, electric and low-intensity ultrasound
- Distraction osteosynthesis, Ilizarov method
- Olecranon bursa aspiration
- Total Hip Replacement (arthroplasty); Primary, excluding hip fracture;
- Injection, tendon sheath, ligament, or trigger points or ganglion cyst
- Arthrocentesis – Joints; Aspiration/Injection Ganglion Cyst
- Kyphoplasty
- Ultrasound therapy for calcific tendinitis of the shoulder
- Fibromyalgia
- Rheumatology links
- Post-work Injury Evaluation and Work Hardening
- ‘Prehab’
Web Sites – Skeletal-Muscular System-related
References – General - for skeletal-muscular pain management
